Embodied Thrills and Visceral Rollercoasters in Sebastian Schipper's Victoria

Victoria, Sebastian Schipper (2015)

 

Strobing lights and pulsing tech-house envelop Victoria as she moves through a cavernous, dilapidated club that could not be anywhere but Berlin. With a score produced by the house music coryphée DJ Koze, the eponymous film, Victoria, tracks—quite literally (as the film is shot in 'one-take')—this Neuberliner [1] as she gets dragged into a night that goes awry. Upon leaving the club, Victoria crosses paths with a roaming band of delirious locals, who she joins for an unforgettable night—unforgettable as much for its moments of beauty and romance as its distressing and horrifying episodes as their evening turns darker and darker. Beginning with intoxicated strolls through the city, soon the group becomes entangled with the underbelly of the city, dragged into a nightmarish bank heist. Victoria's nocturnal adventure through Berlin is gripping, dizzying and visceral.

Victoria's visceral-ness has much to do with its one-take set-up and unique camera handling. Since there are no cuts or switches between perspectives, the camera (often at eye-level) emulates an embodied physical and human presence. It is limited to one perspective, just like us. The camera moreover swirls like a drunkard, while a shallow depth of field mimics the myopia of intoxication. At times when the protagonists are in danger, the camera moves more angularly and deep focus cinematography emphasizes an acute awareness. Through its unblinking, unedited approach and its roaming camera movement, the film attempts to simulate the way that we would experience such a situation ourselves. Rather than a disembodied godlike entity, the camera emulates the lived reality of personhood.

The camera's embodied presence serves as a proxy not only for the spectator, but also for Victoria herself—correlating her perspective with ours. Like Victoria, we are plunged into a journey beyond our control. New in Berlin, Victoria unexpectedly falls into this pack of drunkards; she has a distinct lack of agency and lets herself be guided by them. Even after mentioning repeatedly that she has to go to work, Victoria never quite makes a decision nor breaks from them. Her obliviousness and foreignness underscores our status as spectators—the film unfolds without Victoria really being able to influence its trajectory, much like a spectator in the movies.

 

Victoria, Sebastian Schipper (2015)

 

By depriving its protagonist of agency, Victoria disrupts genre conventions—Victoria is neither a heroine nor anti-heroine. Usually, the hero(ine) is someone who overcomes an obstacle to get to a certain goal, an anti-hero someone who fails in that. However, Victoria is neither framed in terms of failure nor success. Rather than developing a form of agency, she is a product of her environment.

This lack of control, combined with the embodied camera perspective, makes the movie feel like a rollercoaster. As the camera swirls restlessly, there is no time for a contemplative, cognitive, distancing form of spectatorship. You move, viscerally and bodily, with the thrills of the evening as it unfolds. The spectator is drawn into the pro-filmic just like Victoria is drawn into the mischievous band of Berliners. By establishing such a close, embodied presence, the film invites a physical viewing experience. When watching it, my body jumped, squirmed, twisted and turned as the film's imagery found its way under my skin.

Victoria's particular form of spectatorship, moreover, underscores how perception is an embodied practice that involves feeling as much as knowing. This practice is not only cognitive, but also always happens in and through bodily responses and visceral emotions. Rather than 'gazing' at the film in the sense of invoking an omnipotent, ocular mastery, we are confronted with a vulnerable 'looking' wherein the film touches and moves the spectator [2]. This embodied sensation highlights one of the promises inherent to cinema—the promise of transporting us, sensuously, to a different world.

 

Victoria, Sebastian Schipper (2015)

 

Victoria's cinematography furthermore suggests an indexical relation between reality and the image, a relation that has come under pressure in a digitalizing world of cinema. Laura Mulvey notes that "the digital, as an abstract information system, made a break with analogue imagery, finally sweeping away the relation with reality, which had, by and large, dominated the photographic tradition" [3]. More and more movies are being made with the help of digital software and computer-generated images, which increasingly severs the link between the image and a world that must have been there to create that image. The existence of the image, in other words, does not necessarily confirm the existence of a pro-filmic world. As an uninterrupted long-take, Victoria refreshingly highlights the 'thereness' of cinema—the actors really had to be there, exist.

Moreover, the quotidian quality of the film's acting and dialogue lend a sense of verisimilitude: the characters engage in frivolous conversations that characterize daily life, and especially nightlife. In an interview with a Dutch newspaper, filmmaker Sebastian Schipper notes "I know how an awesome club night feels from experience," and Victoria evokes this lived experience. Conversation is comprised of important cues that drive the plot alongside unimportant and trivial remarks which contribute to the film's sense of reality, as they feel like they could only have been conceived by someone living through these situations.

Through its single-take cinematography and sense of naturalism, Victoria is a spectacle of the indexical—an artistic masterpiece that celebrates analogue filmmaking practices and underscores the lived reality from which (good) cinema arises. If you are looking for a movie that addresses deep metaphysical issues or deals with fundamental human questions: you have probably come to the wrong address. Rather than narrative depth, the film's strength lies in its exploration of cinema's visceral potentialities. Victoria is a tour-de-force that confirms cinema's power to transport us, bodily, to a different world.

 

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Essay by Aldo Kempen
Guest Curator, Filmatique

 

References 

[1] Neuberliner—or New Berliner—is a German colloquialism for one that has recently moved to Berlin.

[2] Here, I follow Kaja Silverman's differentiation between the gaze and the look in her essay on Fassbinder and Lacan. See "Masochism and Male Subjectivity," Camera Obscura: A Journal of Feminism and Film Theory vol. 17, no. 3, 1998, pp. 31-66.

[3] Laura Mulvey, Death 24x a Second: Stillness and the Moving Image. London: Reaktion, 2006. p.18.

EssaysReid Rossman